1) Toss Up - Math - Short Answer
Express 600° in radians as a reduced fraction in terms of `pi`:
ANSWER: `(10pi)/3`1) Bonus - Math - Short Answer
Giving your answers in terms of `pi` and in inches squared, find the total surface area of a closed right circular cone whose altitude is 8 inches and radius is 6 inches:
ANSWER: `96pi`2) Toss Up - Earth And Space - Multiple Choice
A star like Earth's Sun will eventually
W) explode in a supernova
X) become a black hole
Y) change into a white dwarf
Z) become a neutron star
2) Bonus - Earth And Space - Multiple Choice
Two nebulae, A and B, of equal volume are beginning to contract and form stars A and B. Nebula A has 10,000 times the mass of nebula B. Which of the following predictions is most accurate?
W) Star A will use up its fuel faster than star B.
X) Star A will probably be much redder than star B.
Y) Star B will be much hotter than star A.
Z) Stars A and B will be identical in volume.
3) Toss Up - Earth And Space - Short Answer
What geologic features of lo are responsible for loading Jupiter’s atmosphere with heavy ionized particles?
ANSWER: VOLCANOES3) Bonus - Earth And Space - Short Answer
On Mars, how do the ages of the higher elevation and heavily cratered southern highlands compare to the ages of the lower elevation and flat northern lowlands?
ANSWER: SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS ARE OLDER (ACCEPT: NORTHERN LOWLANDS ARE YOUNGER)4) Toss Up - Biology - Short Answer
If an individual has two dissimilar alleles for a trait, with regard to that trait he is said to be:
ANSWER: heterozygous4) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
The margin of an ash tree leaf would most generally be called:
W) divided
X) entire
Y) serrate
Z) lacerate
5) Toss Up - Physics - Multiple Choice
As the temperature of the air increases from 0 degrees Celsius to
20 degrees Celsius, the wavelength of a sound made by a tuning fork of fixed frequency
does which of the following?
W) increases
X) decreases
Y) remains the same
Z) increases up to a maximum, then remains constant
5) Bonus - Physics - Multiple Choice
A 10,000-watt motor operates an elevator weighing 5000 newtons.
Assuming no frictional losses, how high is the elevator raised in 10 seconds?
W) 2 meters
X) 20 meters
Y) 50 meters
Z) 100 meters
6) Toss Up - Biology - Multiple Choice
The wing of a bird and the arm of a human are considered:
W) congruent structures
X) analogous structures
Y) homologous structures
Z) vestigial structures
6) Bonus - Biology - Short Answer
What bone marrow progenitor cell typically contains a polyploid nucleus of up to 64n.
ANSWER: MEGAKARYOCYTE7) Toss Up - Earth And Space - Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is NOT true about upwelling?
W) It is associated with good fishing
X) Water that rises to the surface as a result of upwelling is typically colder and richer in nutrients
Y) It is caused when offshore wind causes surface water to build up along a coastline z) It occurs in the open ocean and along coastlines
7) Bonus - Earth And Space - Short Answer
What law mathematically expresses the amount of radiation emitted by a blackbody at a given temperature?
ANSWER: STEFAN-BOLTZMANN (ACCEPT: STEFAN’S LAW)8) Toss Up - Biology - Multiple Choice
All of the following processes release carbon dioxide EXCEPT:
W) the Kreb's cycle
X) alcohol fermentation
Y) oxidative phosphorylation
Z) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
8) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
All of the following processes produce ATP EXCEPT:
W) glycolysis
X) the Kreb's cycle
Y) lactic acid fermentation
Z) oxidative phosphorylation of NADH
9) Toss Up - Math - Short Answer
To what value does the infinite series 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 + . . . ..converge?(read: one fourth plus one eighth plus one sixteenth, etc.)
ANSWER: 405459) Bonus - Math - Short Answer
The number 1111 in base 2 equals what number in base 10?
ANSWER: 1510) Toss Up - Math - Multiple Choice
For the graph of the function `f(x) = 1/x` what does the line at x = 0 represent?
W) circle
X) hyperbola
Y) vertical asymptote
Z) horizontal asymptote
10) Bonus - Math - Multiple Choice
A gigameter is:
W) one billionth of a meter
X) one billion meters
Y) one trillionth of a meter
Z) one million meters
11) Toss Up - Earth Science - Short Answer
The Earth is closest to the sun in what month?
ANSWER: JANUARY11) Bonus - Earth Science - Short Answer
Outside of Alaska, what is the name of the North America's longest continuous mountain range?
ANSWER: SIERRA NEVADA12) Toss Up - Physics - Multiple Choice
Which of the following is not equivalent to 1 Pascal?
W) 1 Newton per meter squared
X) 1 kilogram per meter second squared
Y) 1 Joule per meter cubed
Z) 1 Watt second per meter squared
12) Bonus - Physics - Short Answer
A stack of books of total weight 20 Newtons is resting on a desk. The desk has four legs, each pressing into the ground with an individual area of 1 square centimeter. How much additional pressure in Pascals does each desk-leg exert to support the books?
ANSWER: 50,000 PASCALS13) Toss Up - Earth Science - Multiple Choice
Global climate change is being attributed to the atmospheric increase in what two gases produced by human activities?
W) oxygen and hydrogen
X) ozone and methane
Y) nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide
Z) methane and carbon dioxide
13) Bonus - Earth Science - Multiple Choice
Boulders, gravel, and sand are added to the bottom of the glacier by
W) gravity
X) rivers
Y) plucking
Z) abrasion
14) Toss Up - Chemistry - Short Answer
What is the lUPAC name for SnCl2 • 6H2O?
ANSWER: TIN (II) CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE14) Bonus - Chemistry - Short Answer
By name or number, list all of the following five substances that are NOT Newtonian fluids: 1) gasoline, 2) yogurt, 3) water, 4) blood, 5) ketchup.
ANSWER: YOGURT, BLOOD, AND KETCHUP (ACCEPT: 2, 4, AND 5)15) Toss Up - Math - Short Answer
What is the sum of the interior angles of a 5-sided polygon?
ANSWER: 540°15) Bonus - Math - Short Answer
Find the prime factorization of 600:
ANSWER: `2xx2xx2xx3xx5xx5` (ACCEPT: `2^3xx3xx5^2`)16) Toss Up - Biology - Multiple Choice
Which of the following cells would NOT typically be found in the peripheral circulation:
W) Polymorphonuclear leukocyte
X) plasma cell
Y) reticulocyte
Z) erythroblasts
16) Bonus - Biology - Short Answer
If one end of a single polypeptide chain has an amino group exposed, what functional group is typically exposed at the opposite end?
ANSWER: Carboxyl17) Toss Up - Math - Short Answer
What is the angle formed, in degrees, between the hour and minute hand of an analog clock at 10:30 AM?
ANSWER: 13517) Bonus - Math - Short Answer
Arrange the following 4 radicals in order of increasing value: `root6(12); root6(63); root3(2); root4(8)`
ANSWER: `root3(2); root6(12); root4(8); root6(63)`18) Toss Up - Biology - Multiple Choice
The following pathway, CO2 + H2O + energy yields (CH2O)n + O2 (pronounced: parenthesis C, H, 2, O, close parenthesis, subscript n, + O, 2), represents which of the following:
W) cellular respiration
X) photosynthesis
Y) an irreversible reaction
Z) glycolysis
18) Bonus - Biology - Short Answer
What is the vector for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
ANSWER: THE TICK (ACCEPT: DERMACENTAR)19) Toss Up - Biology - Short Answer
What section of the brain is sometimes referred to as the body’s thermostat?
ANSWER: HYPOTHALAMUS19) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
Removal of a predatory starfish results in an overabundance of mollusks dramatically altering the community population. The starfish would be considered:
W) a keystone species
X) primary competitor
Y) secondary producer
Z) an endangered species
20) Toss Up - Physics - Multiple Choice
What property of waves allows them to bend around the edges of an obstacle:
W) reflection
X) diffraction
Y) deflection
Z) dispersion
20) Bonus - Physics - Short Answer
Considered by some as the forgotten father of electricity and technology, what person was the inventor of the alternating current motor and created a device in Colorado Springs that was able to produce bolts of lightning 130 feet long:
ANSWER: (NIKOLA) TESLA21) Toss Up - Biology - Multiple Choice
In a cell, the net direction that an ion or molecule moves without an additional investment of energy is
W) dependent upon the size of the molecule
X) unpredictable because movement is random
Y) controlled by the temperature of the medium
Z) the result of concentration differences
21) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
Cancers that originate in muscle tissue are known as
W) Melanomas
X) Sarcomas
Y) Leukemias
Z) Neuromas
22) Toss Up - Chemistry - Multiple Choice
Which of the following atomic features is the most important in controlling the reactivity of an atom:
W) core electrons
X) valence-shell electrons
Y) protons
Z) neutrons
22) Bonus - Chemistry - Short Answer
What is the rule that states that main-group elements tend to undergo reactions that leave them with 8 outer-shell electrons?
ANSWER: OCTET RULE23) Toss Up - Physics - Multiple Choice
If both the temperature and the volume of an ideal gas are doubled, the pressure will be
W) halved
X) doubled
Y) unchanged
Z) quadrupled
23) Bonus - Physics - Short Answer
What is the term for the velocity at which charge carriers in an electrical current move through a conductor?
ANSWER: DRIFT VELOCITY24) Toss Up - Math - Short Answer
Giving your answer in simplest radical form, rationalize the denominator of the following expression: `1/(3 - sqrt(x))`
ANSWER: `(3 + sqrt(x))/(9 - x)`24) Bonus - Math - Short Answer
Solve the following equation for x over the set of complex numbers, giving your answer in simplest form: `x^2 - 10x + 34 = 0`
ANSWER: `5 +- 3i` (ACCEPT: `5 + 3i` AND `5 - 3i`)25) Toss Up - Earth And Space - Multiple Choice
Which of the following most accurately describes the dominant air mass over Nebraska in January?
W) Cold, dry, continental
X) Cold, humid, maritime
Y) Warm, dry, continental
Z) Cold, humid, aquatic
25) Bonus - Earth And Space - Short Answer
By name or number, put the following four choices in chronological order from earliest to most recent: 1) occurrence of humans, 2) existence of Pangaea, 3) formation of the Great Lakes, 4) extinction of the dinosaurs.
ANSWER: EXISTENCE OF PANGAEA, EXTINCTION OF DINOSAURS, OCCURRENCE OF HUMANS, FORMATION OF THE GREAT LAKES (ACCEPT: 2, 4, 1,3)